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Ultrahigh-throughput single-pixel complex-field microscopy with frequency-comb acousto-optic coherent encoding

Daixuan Wu1, Yuecheng Shen2, Zhongzheng Zhu1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.

Light, Science & Applications
|August 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new single-pixel complex-field microscopy (SPCM) system that significantly boosts imaging speed and resolution beyond the visible spectrum. This advanced optical imaging technology overcomes previous limitations for real-time, high-throughput applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Microscopy
  • Non-visible Spectrum Imaging

Background:

  • Single-pixel imaging (SPI) offers potential for imaging beyond the visible spectrum but suffers from low throughput due to slow pattern projection and reconstruction.
  • Conventional SPI is insufficient for high-speed, high-resolution imaging tasks.
  • Existing systems struggle with real-time complex-field monitoring in non-visible domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an ultrahigh-throughput single-pixel complex-field microscopy (SPCM) system.
  • To enable real-time complex-field monitoring beyond the visible spectrum.
  • To overcome the throughput limitations of conventional SPI.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized frequency-comb acousto-optic coherent encoding (FACE) for SPCM.
  • Operated the system at 1030 nm wavelength.
  • Achieved high space-bandwidth-time product (SBP-T) for enhanced performance.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a record-high SBP-T of 1.3 × 107, significantly outperforming previous SPCM, SPI, and near-infrared cameras.
  • Achieved real-time streaming at 1000 Hz with 80 × 81 pixels and 3.76 μm lateral resolution.
  • Successfully imaged dynamic transparent scenes, live microorganisms, chemical reactions, and through scattering media.

Conclusions:

  • The developed FACE-based SPCM system provides a superior solution for high-speed, high-resolution complex-field imaging beyond the visible spectrum.
  • This advancement significantly enhances SPI performance for diverse applications.
  • The system enables real-time monitoring and imaging in challenging non-visible spectral ranges.