Comparative effects of standardized Centella asiatica extract (ECa 233) and its active compound mixture on proteomics...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pharmacology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Centella asiatica extract ECa 233 contains madecassoside (MDS) and asiaticoside (ASS).
• These compounds are known to strengthen hippocampal synapses and enhance memory.
• The precise mechanisms underlying ECa 233's synaptic enhancement effects require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the molecular mechanisms of ECa 233 in synaptic enhancement using proteomic analysis.
• To investigate the role of mitochondrial function and Akt-mTOR signaling in ECa 233's effects.
• To compare the effects of ECa 233 with its main active compounds, MDS and ASS.

Main Methods:

• Proteomic analysis, western blot, and immunofluorescence were used on differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and rat hippocampal slices.
• Mitochondrial function and protein expression were assessed.
• Electrophysiology was employed to confirm effects on synaptic plasticity.

Main Results:

• ECa 233 and the MDS+ASS mixture significantly increased mitochondrial activity and synaptic plasticity-related protein expression.
• The Akt-mTOR signaling pathway was activated, with the MDS+ASS group showing the most pronounced effect.
• ECa 233 demonstrated the highest hippocampal synaptic response, suggesting additional components contribute to its efficacy.

Conclusions:

• Both ECa 233 and the MDS+ASS mixture modulate mitochondrial metabolism via the Akt-mTOR pathway.
• The synergistic effect of MDS+ASS is crucial for achieving a significant response.
• ECa 233's full efficacy may stem from the combined action of MDS+ASS and other components that maintain biological homeostasis.