Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 11, 2025
07:55
Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
Published on: April 17, 2018
12.8K
Decoupling Roles of Cationic Dimensionality and Valence-Electron Compatibility on Structural Resilience and Kinetics
Shaokun Chong1, Benhui Lv1, Shuangyan Qiao1
1Institute of Flexible Electronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|August 12, 2025
Summary
High-entropy Prussian blue analogues enhance sodium-ion battery cathodes. A tailored HE-Cu material shows excellent stability and fast kinetics, enabling long-lasting, high-energy sodium-ion batteries.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- High-entropy Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) are promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).
- The influence of component compatibility on lattice stress and kinetics in high-entropy PBAs is not well understood.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for developing stable and efficient SIB cathodes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of component compatibility in high-entropy PBAs on electrode performance for SIBs.
- To explore the relationship between lattice stress, phase stability, and electrochemical kinetics.
- To identify design principles for high-performance high-entropy PBA cathodes.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis and characterization of a series of high-entropy PBAs, including Na2Mn0.2Fe0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Cu0.2[Fe(CN)6] (HE-Cu), HE-Sn, and HE-Ti.
- Electrochemical testing of the synthesized materials as cathodes in SIBs, evaluating capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability.
- Analysis of structural stability, lattice stress, and ion/electron transfer kinetics using various characterization techniques.
Main Results:
- The HE-Cu material exhibited superior mechanochemical compatibility, phase stability, and suppressed lattice stress.
- HE-Cu demonstrated faster electron and ion transfer kinetics compared to HE-Sn and HE-Ti.
- The high-entropy effect in HE-Cu suppressed Jahn-Teller distortion and enabled a zero-strain solid-solution reaction mechanism.
- HE-Cu delivered a high initial specific capacity (120.4 mAh·g⁻¹), excellent rate capability, and ultra-long cycling life (9000 cycles, 0.0042% decay rate).
- A full SIB cell using HE-Cu achieved a high initial energy density (397.0 Wh·kg⁻¹) and stable cycling over 2000 cycles.
Conclusions:
- Tailoring component compatibility in high-entropy PBAs is critical for mitigating lattice stress and enhancing electrochemical performance.
- The HE-Cu material represents a highly stable and efficient cathode for SIBs, showcasing the potential of high-entropy design.
- This study provides insights into the structure-property relationships governing high-entropy PBAs for advanced sodium-ion energy storage.
More Related Videos
10:03Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
Published on: November 11, 2013
25.6K
06:53Author Spotlight: Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
Published on: June 9, 2023
2.1K
Related Concept Videos
02:42Valence Bond Theory
9.7K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
9.7K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
24.0K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
24.0K
02:46Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
44.7K
Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
44.7K
01:19Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria
1.7K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
In this solution, the primary...
1.7K
02:58Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
27.9K
Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
27.9K
02:48Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer
42.2K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.
42.2K