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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

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Dynamic extracellular interactions with AMPA receptors.

Hana Goldschmidt Merrion1, Casey N Barber1, Santosh S Renuse2

  • 1Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

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|August 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified new proteins interacting with AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) during synaptic plasticity. These interactions, particularly with IgLON proteins like NTM and OBCAM, regulate AMPARs at the synapse, impacting learning and memory.

Keywords:
AMPA receptorIgLONextracellularproximity proteomicssynaptic plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Synaptic Plasticity

Background:

  • Synaptic plasticity is crucial for learning and memory, involving AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs).
  • The N-terminal domain (NTD) of AMPARs is implicated in regulating synaptic targeting and plasticity, but its interactors are largely unknown.
  • Understanding extracellular regulation of AMPARs is key to deciphering synapse function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify extracellular proteins that interact with AMPARs during synaptic plasticity.
  • To explore the role of these interactors in regulating AMPAR function and synaptic strength.
  • To uncover novel mechanisms governing synaptic plasticity and memory formation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface-restricted proximity labeling with APEX2-tagged AMPARs in cultured neurons.
  • Employed BioSITe-based proteomics to identify differentially labeled proteins after chemical Long-Term Potentiation of Synapses (cLTP).
  • Validated direct interactions between identified proteins and AMPAR extracellular domains using biochemical assays.

Main Results:

  • Identified 70 differentially labeled proteins, including four IgLON family members (Ntm, OBCAM, Negr1, Lsamp).
  • Demonstrated direct interaction of OBCAM and NTM with extracellular domains of AMPARs.
  • Showed that NTM overexpression reduces surface AMPAR mobility in dendritic spines.

Conclusions:

  • Presented the first dynamic, extracellular interactome of AMPARs during synaptic plasticity.
  • Highlighted the IgLON family, specifically NTM and OBCAM, as novel regulators of AMPARs at the synapse.
  • Opened new avenues for understanding extracellular mechanisms in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory.