Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 11, 2025
Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
Published on: August 25, 2017
Increased Incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Women Due to Long-Term Passive Smoking
Zhenkun Liu1, Mingzhi Jiao1, Jiling Lv1
1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People's Republic of China.
Objective:
To investigate the impact of long-term passive smoking on the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in women.
Methods:
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study involving 2,360 women aged ≥40 years in Jinan, China (October 1, 2022-April 30, 2023). Participants underwent comprehensive assessments including pulmonary function tests (spirometry), hematological analyses, and structured questionnaires evaluating COPD symptoms and passive smoking exposure. Based on exposure history, subjects were stratified into long-term passive smoking (LPS, n = 610) and non-passive smoking (NPS, n = 1,750) cohorts.
Results:
Comparative analysis revealed significant pulmonary function impairment in the LPS group versus NPS controls: lower FEV1 (2.97±0.61 vs 3.25±0.37 L, p < 0.05), reduced FEV1% predicted (78.20±10.18 vs 81.47±14.69, p < 0.05), decreased FEV1/FVC ratio (83.32±11.20 vs 87.23±10.32%, p < 0.05). Small airway dysfunction was more pronounced in LPS participants, evidenced by: diminished MEF75% (77.58±11.95 vs 86.08±14.02 L/s, p < 0.05), reduced MEF50% (62.76±19.79 vs 89.36±16.78 L/s, p < 0.05), lower MMEF (80.87±12.80 vs 87.46±11.26 L/s, p < 0.05). The LPS group demonstrated: higher prevalence of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm, 5.74% vs 2.91%); increased annual exacerbation frequency (p < 0.05), elevated systemic inflammatory markers (p < 0.05), greater symptom severity (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrate that chronic passive smoke exposure constitutes an independent risk factor for COPD development in women, associated with higher disease prevalence, accelerated pulmonary function decline, increased exacerbation frequency and enhanced systemic inflammation.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology
Chronic Inflammation
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
01:22Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
01:20COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
01:30Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Nursing Management
Assessment