Antibacterial efficacy of sodium dichloroisocyanurate and 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid intracanal medicaments on...

Optimal healing of periapical tissues by completely eradicating root canal infection is the primary goal of endodontic therapy. The use of intracanal medication enhances the antibacterial efficacy of endodontic treatment.

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of intracanal medicaments such as sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) and 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) with a formulation of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2) and 2 % chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) against Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis).

Fifty-two single-rooted teeth were subjected to endodontic instrumentation and inoculation with E. faecalis microbial suspension. After 14 days, the root canals of each tooth were ground with a Peeso reamer to procure the dentine chips. Colony-forming units (CFU-1) were counted after 24 h of incubation. Intracanal medicaments: NaDCC, HICA, and (Ca (OH)2) plus 2 % CHX were placed in the tooth and incubated for 14 days. The antibacterial effects of the intracanal medicaments were measured using CFU testing at three-time intervals.

Inter-group analysis utilized one-way ANOVA for statistical analysis, and within-group analysis employed repeated-measures ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test. NaDCC exhibited a significantly lower CFU count compared to HICA (p-value = .000) and Ca (OH)₂ + 2 % CHX (p-value = .000). HICA showed a significantly lower CFU count than Ca (OH)₂ + 2 % CHX (p-value = .009) after 24 h.

NaDCC and HICA demonstrate potent antimicrobial efficacy against E. faecalis, suggesting their potential as an alternative intracanal medicament for endodontic infection.