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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Improved SPGD algorithm for optical phased array chip phase error correction in Lidar applications.

Tao Shi, Yu Cheng, Xudong Du

    Applied Optics
    |August 12, 2025
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    Summary
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    An improved algorithm corrects random phase errors in optical phased array (OPA) chips, enhancing beam quality for Lidar systems. This method offers faster convergence and better accuracy, especially for complex, large-channel designs.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Engineering
    • Lidar Technology

    Background:

    • Random phase errors in silicon-photonic optical phased array (OPA) chips degrade output beam quality.
    • Efficient phase error correction is crucial for OPA-based Lidar systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and evaluate an improved Adaptive Stochastic Parallel Gradient Descent (ASPGD) algorithm for OPA random phase error correction.
    • To demonstrate the algorithm's effectiveness, particularly for large channel count OPA designs.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and implementation of an enhanced ASPGD algorithm.
    • Experimental validation using a fabricated 16-channel silicon-photonic OPA chip.
    • Comparative analysis against traditional Stochastic Parallel Gradient Descent (SPGD) and genetic algorithms.

    Main Results:

    • Successful demonstration of ASPGD for OPA phase error calibration on a 16-channel chip.
    • ASPGD exhibited significantly faster convergence compared to SPGD and genetic algorithms.
    • Higher cosine similarity values for the corrected beam profile were achieved with ASPGD, especially for increased channel counts.

    Conclusions:

    • The improved ASPGD algorithm provides efficient and accurate phase error correction for OPA chips.
    • This algorithm shows superior performance over traditional methods for large channel count OPA designs.
    • The work contributes to the practical deployment of OPA technology in chip-scale, long-range Lidar applications.