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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

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Grating-free single-mode laser integrated with asymmetric vertically coupled structure.

Wensai Gao, Ruiying Zhang, Bisheng Qin

    Applied Optics
    |August 12, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel InGaAsP/InP laser using an asymmetric vertically coupled structure for single longitudinal mode operation. This grating-free design achieves high side-mode suppression and a narrow linewidth for advanced photonic applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Semiconductor Lasers
    • Integrated Photonics

    Background:

    • Fabry-Pérot (FP) lasers are fundamental in photonics but often require gratings for single-mode operation.
    • Achieving single longitudinal mode operation in FP lasers without gratings is a significant challenge for device miniaturization and integration.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel grating-free InGaAsP/InP Fabry-Pérot laser.
    • To achieve stable single longitudinal mode operation using an asymmetric vertically coupled (AVC) structure.
    • To investigate the transmission characteristics and optimize the side-lobe suppression ratio (SISR).

    Main Methods:

    • Integration of an InGaAsP/InP Fabry-Pérot laser with an asymmetric vertically coupled (AVC) structure.
    • Utilizing the narrow-band filtering effect of the twin-waveguide vertically coupled structure for mode selection.
    • Theoretical investigation of transmission characteristics using the transmission matrix model.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of a single-mode laser without a grating.
    • Achieved output power exceeding 5 mW.
    • Obtained a side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) up to 40.4 dB.
    • Measured a minimum intrinsic linewidth of 178.5 kHz.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed AVC structure effectively enables single longitudinal mode operation in FP lasers without gratings.
    • The device shows promising performance metrics for potential applications in optical communication and sensing.
    • The grating-free design offers advantages for fabrication and integration in photonic circuits.