Polarized reconfigurable terahertz OAM antenna array based on 2D electromagnetic functional materials.

Area of Science:

• Electromagnetics
• Materials Science
• Antenna Engineering

Background:

• Terahertz (THz) band communication demands advanced antenna solutions.
• Reconfigurable polarization and vortex beam generation are key for next-generation wireless systems.
• Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer unique electromagnetic properties for novel device designs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a polarized reconfigurable vortex wave antenna array operating in the terahertz band.
• To design an antenna element capable of switching between circular and non-circular polarization modes.
• To generate tunable vortex beams for potential 6G communication applications.

Main Methods:

• Design of a reconfigurable antenna element using graphene, vanadium dioxide (VO2), and perovskite.
• Construction of a uniform circular array (UCA) with eight independent elements.
• Adjustment of electromagnetic parameters and element azimuth angles to achieve desired polarization and beam characteristics.

Main Results:

• The antenna element can be reconstructed between wideband circular and ultra-wideband non-circular polarization.
• The UCA exhibits a 52.7% relative bandwidth in circular polarization mode (5.28-9.06 THz).
• The UCA achieves a 146.4% relative bandwidth in non-circular polarization mode (2.37-15.31 THz).
• Vortex beams with mode numbers l=0, ±1, ±2, and ±3 were successfully generated.

Conclusions:

• The proposed reconfigurable UCA demonstrates significant potential for 6G communication systems.
• The use of 2D materials enables versatile polarization control and vortex beam formation.
• This work contributes to the development of advanced THz antenna technologies.