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Area of Science:

Metrology
Optical Engineering
Physics Instrumentation

Background:

Accurate laser beam alignment is critical for precision instruments like the joule balance.
Existing vertical laser alignment methods require optimization for enhanced accuracy and resolution.
Vacuum compatibility presents unique challenges for optical alignment systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To improve a vacuum-compatible vertical-laser alignment method for joule balances.
To address focal-plane positioning errors, lens off-axis issues, and optimize oil mirror parameters.
To enhance the overall measurement resolution and accuracy of the laser alignment system.

Main Methods:

Utilizing an oil mirror and air-spaced lens for vertical laser deviation measurement and compensation.
Employing dual spot coincidence to precisely locate the lens focal plane and optimal collimation region.
Designing an observation mechanism for online detection of lens off-axis distance.
Balancing silicone oil performance parameters and optimizing measurement resolution from multiple perspectives.

Main Results:

Successfully located the optimal collimation region for a parallel light source.
Developed a method for online detection of lens off-axis distance, balancing angular and off-axis errors.
Improved measurement resolution through optimization of silicone oil parameters and system design.
Experimentally verified the sealing performance of the oil chamber and the preliminary accuracy of the alignment method.

Conclusions:

The enhanced vertical-laser alignment method offers improved precision for joule balance applications.
The developed techniques effectively reduce key error sources in laser alignment within vacuum environments.
Further experimental validation confirms the potential for high-accuracy measurements using this improved system.