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Comparing performance and experience in a conventional and accessible gym: a mixed methods study.

Fallon R Mitchell¹, Sean Horton¹, Sara Scharoun Benson^1,2

¹Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.

Disability and Rehabilitation

|August 12, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Universal design (UD) in gyms reduces barriers for people with disabilities, enhancing exercise accessibility. This approach fosters inclusive environments and can help reduce health inequities for diverse users.

Keywords:

Disability behavioural mapping fitness facilities mixed methods physical activity think aloud universal design

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Area of Science:

Exercise Science
Rehabilitation
Accessibility Studies

Background:

Environmental barriers limit gym participation for individuals with disabilities.
Universal design (UD) principles offer potential solutions for improving gym accessibility.
Empirical evidence on UD's effectiveness in gym settings is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare participant experiences in conventional versus UD-adapted gyms.
To identify barriers and facilitators to gym accessibility for diverse users.
To evaluate the impact of UD on gym inclusivity.

Main Methods:

Mixed methods study involving 39 participants with and without disabilities.
Think-aloud protocol during task completion in two gym environments.
Behavioral mapping via audio-video recording and content analysis of transcripts.
Integration of observational and self-reported data using joint display tables.

Main Results:

The UD-adapted gym presented fewer barriers and more facilitators than the conventional gym.
Seven themes emerged regarding participants' perceptions of gym environments.
Key physical, social, cognitive, sensory, and environmental factors influencing accessibility and inclusion were identified.

Conclusions:

Universal design significantly enhances gym accessibility and promotes inclusive exercise environments.
Implementing UD in gyms can help mitigate health disparities by accommodating a wider range of users.
UD supports exercise participation for individuals with diverse abilities.