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Acoustic fields energize nematic tactoids, causing complex dynamics like splitting and rotation. Specific acoustic pulses can transform these droplets into stable tori, offering new ways to manipulate liquid crystal behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals can form tactoids (spindle-shaped droplets) in biphasic systems.
  • The dynamic behavior of these tactoids under external fields is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex dynamics of nematic tactoids when subjected to an acoustic field.
  • To explore the possibility of inducing topological transformations in tactoids using acoustic energy.

Main Methods:

  • Nematic liquid crystal tactoids were subjected to controlled acoustic fields.
  • High-speed imaging and analysis were used to observe tactoid behavior.
  • Acoustic pulse parameters were varied to study their effects on tactoid morphology and dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Acoustic energization induced diverse tactoid behaviors: stretching, bending, splitting, merging, rotation, and locomotion.
  • Specific acoustic pulse sequences were found to trigger a transformation from tactoids to stable torus-shaped droplets.
  • The transformed torus droplets exhibited higher elastic energy and long-lived stability.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic fields provide a powerful tool for controlling the dynamics and topology of nematic tactoids.
  • This study offers insights into acoustically driven active liquid crystal systems.
  • The findings suggest potential applications in manipulating micro-scale liquid crystal structures.