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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Discrimintion and Mapping of the Primary and Processed Transcripts in Maize Mitochondrion Using a Circular RT-PCR-based Strategy
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Maize rough endosperm6 is a predicted RNA helicase required for miRNA processing and endosperm cell patterning.

Tianxiao Yang1,2, Masaharu Suzuki1,2, L Curtis Hannah1,2

  • 1Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.

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Summary

The rough endosperm6 (rgh6) gene in maize encodes a DEAD-box RNA helicase essential for microRNA (miRNA) processing. This impacts maize kernel development and gene regulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Molecular Genetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Maize (Zea mays) endosperm development relies on precise RNA processing.
  • Mutations affecting RNA processing proteins can disrupt kernel development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the gene responsible for the maize rough endosperm6 (rgh6) mutation.
  • To elucidate the role of RGH6 in endosperm development and miRNA processing.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular genetic analysis of maize mutants.
  • Positional cloning and transposon tagging to identify the RGH6 gene.
  • Analysis of miRNA precursor and mature levels.
  • Confocal microscopy for protein localization.

Main Results:

  • The rgh6 mutation was mapped to a three-gene interval and identified as a predicted DEAD-box RNA helicase.
  • Mutant rgh6 kernels exhibit reduced grain fill and altered cell type markers.
  • RGH6 protein localizes to the nucleolus and nuclear speckles.
  • rgh6 mutants show increased precursor miRNA and decreased mature miRNA levels.

Conclusions:

  • The DEAD-box RNA helicase RGH6 is crucial for microRNA (miRNA) processing in maize endosperm.
  • Proper miRNA processing and target regulation by RGH6 are essential for normal maize kernel development.