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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

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Increased microbial carbon use efficiency upon abrupt permafrost thaw.

Shuqi Qin1,2, Guanqin Wang1,2,3, Dianye Zhang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.

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Summary

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) increases after permafrost thaw, enhancing soil carbon stability. This finding is crucial for predicting climate change impacts in permafrost regions.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Climate Science

Background:

  • Permafrost thaw significantly impacts soil carbon dynamics, a key uncertainty in climate projections.
  • Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is a critical metric for understanding soil carbon cycling but its response to permafrost thaw is poorly understood.
  • Abrupt permafrost thaw alters microbial communities and nutrient availability, potentially influencing CUE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of microbial CUE to abrupt permafrost thaw using experimental data.
  • To identify the drivers of microbial CUE changes in thawing permafrost environments.
  • To assess the implications of altered microbial CUE for soil carbon stability and climate feedback.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an ~27-year permafrost thaw sequence and five additional thermokarst sites on the Tibetan Plateau.
  • Employed a substrate-independent 18O tracing approach to measure microbial CUE.
  • Analyzed soil properties, microbial community composition (fungal-to-bacterial ratio, copiotroph abundance), and phosphorus availability.

Main Results:

  • Consistently observed an increase in topsoil (0-10 cm) microbial CUE following permafrost collapse across all studied sites.
  • Elevated microbial growth and CUE were linked to shifts in microbial communities (higher fungal:bacterial ratio, more copiotrophs) and increased soil phosphorus availability.
  • These changes suggest enhanced deposition of microbial-derived carbon into the soil.

Conclusions:

  • Abrupt permafrost thaw leads to increased microbial CUE, potentially enhancing soil carbon stability.
  • Characterizing microbial CUE and its drivers is essential for accurate climate modeling of permafrost carbon-climate feedback.
  • The findings highlight the importance of microbial processes in regulating carbon cycling in thawing permafrost ecosystems.