Decoding JMJD proteins in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: From structure to function.

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Epigenetics
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are leading global causes of mortality and disability.
• Epigenetic modifications, influenced by environmental factors, play a crucial role in disease susceptibility.
• The Jumonji C domain-containing (JMJD) protein family acts as critical histone demethylases in epigenetic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the structural characteristics of JMJD family members.
• To highlight the roles of JMJD proteins in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders.
• To explore potential pharmacological strategies targeting JMJD proteins.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on JMJD proteins.
• Analysis of structural features of JMJD family members.
• Synthesis of findings on JMJD protein involvement in disease pathology.

Main Results:

• JMJD proteins are identified as pivotal epigenetic regulators in cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and ischemic stroke.
• These proteins are implicated in pathological processes including oxidative stress, macrophage polarization, mitochondrial autophagy, and apoptosis.
• The review details the involvement of specific JMJD proteins in disease mechanisms.

Conclusions:

• JMJD proteins are critical epigenetic modulators in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
• Elucidating JMJD protein functions provides insights into disease pathogenesis.
• Targeting JMJD proteins may offer novel therapeutic avenues for treating these conditions.