Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Centroid for the Paraboloid of Revolution

Centroid for the Paraboloid of Revolution

The paraboloid of revolution is an axially symmetric surface generated by rotating a parabola around its axis. This shape has several applications in mechanical engineering due to its advantageous structural properties, such as strength against stress concentration points and rotational symmetry.
The centroid for the paraboloid of revolution is the point where all the mass of the paraboloid is concentrated. This centroid is important for engineering applications, as it determines how forces are...

Centroid of a Body: Problem Solving

Centroid of a Body: Problem Solving

The centroid of a body is a crucial concept in engineering and physics. Finding the centroid of a body can help determine its stability, its balance point, and even its design. In this context, consider a thin wire bent in the form of a quarter circular arc. Polar coordinates are used to calculate the centroid. The wire is first divided into small differential elements of a length equal to the radius multiplied by the differential angle.
The x-coordinates and y-coordinates of each element's...

Centroid of a Body

Centroid of a Body

The centroid is an important concept in engineering, physics, and mechanics. It is the geometric center of a body. It always lies within the body except in cases with holes or cavities. When the material that a body is composed of is uniform or homogeneous, the centroid coincides with its center of mass or the center of gravity.
For a homogeneous body with constant density, the centroid can usually be found using equations representing a balance of the moments of the body's volume. If the...

VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes

VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes

Overview of VSEPR Theory

Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions

Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions

When measuring distances in areas with physical obstructions, such as a lake in a field, surveyors must employ techniques to calculate accurate lengths without direct line measurements. One effective method is the offset technique, which allows for precise distance estimation over inaccessible stretches.In this scenario, a surveyor must measure a side of an area that crosses a lake. Since the measuring tape cannot span the lake, the surveyor begins by establishing a baseline that aligns with...

Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method

Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method

The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Scapular belt for the treatment of comminuted fractures of scapula].

Zhongguo gu shang = China journal of orthopaedics and traumatology·2010

Same author

Manipulation of ordered nanostructures of protonated polyoxometalate through covalently bonded modification.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2010

Same author

Developments in nonsteroidal antiandrogens targeting the androgen receptor.

ChemMedChem·2010

Same author

Dynamic presentation of immobilized ligands regulated through biomolecular recognition.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2010

Same author

[Research on crop-weed discrimination using a field imaging spectrometer].

Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu·2010

Same author

A palladium/copper bimetallic catalytic system: dramatic improvement for Suzuki-Miyaura-type direct C-H arylation of azoles with arylboronic acids.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Automated Charting of the Visual Space of Housefly Compound Eyes

Automated Charting of the Visual Space of Housefly Compound Eyes

Published on: March 31, 2022

Three-dimensional constellation design based on centroid-corrected geometric shaping with optimized average Hamming

Chen Wang, Bo Liu, Jianxin Ren

|August 13, 2025

Summary

A new three-dimensional (3D) constellation design improves optical communication by optimizing geometric shaping and average Hamming distance. This novel approach enhances bit error rate performance for short-distance systems.

More Related Videos

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

Published on: November 14, 2019

Three-Dimensional Particle Shape Analysis Using X-ray Computed Tomography: Experimental Procedure and Analysis Algorithms for Metal Powders

Three-Dimensional Particle Shape Analysis Using X-ray Computed Tomography: Experimental Procedure and Analysis Algorithms for Metal Powders

Published on: December 4, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Automated Charting of the Visual Space of Housefly Compound Eyes

Automated Charting of the Visual Space of Housefly Compound Eyes

Published on: March 31, 2022

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

Three-Dimensional Shape Modeling and Analysis of Brain Structures

Published on: November 14, 2019

Three-Dimensional Particle Shape Analysis Using X-ray Computed Tomography: Experimental Procedure and Analysis Algorithms for Metal Powders

Three-Dimensional Particle Shape Analysis Using X-ray Computed Tomography: Experimental Procedure and Analysis Algorithms for Metal Powders

Published on: December 4, 2020

Area of Science:

Optical Communications
Digital Signal Processing
Information Theory

Background:

Traditional constellation designs in optical communication systems face limitations in spectral efficiency and error performance.
Optimizing constellation geometry and bit-to-symbol mapping is crucial for improving data transmission reliability.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) constellation design, 3D-CCGS-OAHD, for enhanced optical communication performance.
To improve the constellation figure of merit (CFM) and bit error rate (BER) through optimized geometric shaping and average Hamming distance (AHD).

Main Methods:

Utilized centroid-corrected geometric shaping (CCGS) to optimize constellation point distribution and ensure balanced geometry.
Employed a simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to minimize AHD and explore superior bit-to-symbol mapping strategies beyond Gray mapping.
Demonstrated the 3D-CCGS-OAHD scheme over a 2 km 7-core fiber link.

Main Results:

The 3D-CCGS constellation achieved a sensitivity gain of 0.84 dB over traditional 3D constellations with Gray mapping.
The 3D-CCGS-OAHD scheme provided a further gain of 1.29 dB compared to traditional 3D constellations.
Experimental results validated the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in improving BER performance.

Conclusions:

The proposed 3D-CCGS-OAHD constellation design offers significant performance improvements for short-distance optical communication systems.
The novel approach demonstrates promising prospects for future research in high-performance optical data transmission.
The combination of CCGS and OAHD effectively enhances constellation efficiency and data integrity.