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Spatial characterization of sideways lasing.

Armand Dominguez, Jonas Ravelid, Meena Raveesh

|August 13, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers achieved sideways lasing in oxygen atoms using intense laser pulses. This controlled emission, perpendicular to the pump laser, opens new avenues for laser applications.

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Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Laser Physics

Background:

Lasing in gaseous media is achievable via resonant excitation with high electromagnetic fields.
Controlled gain volume geometry can enable lasing emission perpendicular to the pump laser direction.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize sideways emitted lasing generated through two-photon pumping in oxygen atoms within a flame.
To investigate the dependence of this sideways lasing on pump laser energy, excitation/emission spectra, and spatial characteristics.

Main Methods:

Utilizing intense 35-femtosecond (fs) laser pulses at a 226-nm wavelength.
Focusing laser pulses into a sheet using a cylindrical mirror to create a specific gain volume geometry.
Analyzing the resulting 845-nm lasing beam emitted perpendicular to the pump-beam direction.

Main Results:

Successfully generated an 845-nm lasing beam emitted perpendicular to the pump laser.
Observed interference fringes in single-shot emission images, indicating multiple coherent spatial modes.
Identified superfluorescence as a significant contributor to the sideways lasing phenomenon.

Conclusions:

Demonstrated the feasibility of generating and characterizing sideways lasing in oxygen atoms.
This research represents a foundational step towards understanding and utilizing sideways lasing for future applications.
The findings suggest potential for novel laser-based tools and inventions stemming from controlled perpendicular emission.