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Higher-order exceptional points in a non-reciprocal waveguide beam splitter.

Hamed Ghaemidizicheh, Shahram Dehdashti, Andreas Hanke

|August 13, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We demonstrate a novel method to achieve higher-order exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems without dissipation. This breakthrough utilizes non-reciprocity, paving the way for enhanced quantum sensing applications.

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Area of Science:

Quantum physics
Photonics
Non-Hermitian systems

Background:

Non-Hermitian systems exhibit unique properties like exceptional points (EPs) where eigenvalues and eigenstates merge.
Higher-order EPs enhance sensitivity to perturbations, crucial for advanced sensing.
Achieving higher-order EPs typically requires strict symmetry conditions, posing a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dynamics of a generalized lossy waveguide beam splitter with asymmetric coupling.
To explore the role of non-reciprocity as a tunable parameter for achieving higher-order EPs.
To analyze the impact of non-reciprocity on quantum systems, specifically NOON-states.

Main Methods:

Studied a generalized lossy waveguide beam splitter model.
Introduced non-reciprocity as a tunable parameter to control system dynamics.
Analyzed the evolution of NOON-states under non-reciprocal conditions.

Main Results:

Successfully achieved higher-order EPs in a non-Hermitian system without dissipation by introducing non-reciprocity.
Demonstrated that non-reciprocity can be a key parameter for realizing higher-order EPs.
Observed the impact of activated non-reciprocity on the dynamics of NOON-states.

Conclusions:

Non-reciprocity offers a new pathway to engineer higher-order EPs in non-Hermitian systems, circumventing traditional symmetry constraints.
This work provides a foundation for developing novel quantum sensing technologies leveraging enhanced EP sensitivity.
The findings are applicable to non-reciprocal open quantum systems, broadening the scope of EP research.