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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Photonics
    • Quantum Communication

    Background:

    • High-dimensional encoding is crucial for increasing quantum communication capacity.
    • Existing mode-sorters often lack programmability and flexibility in handling various temporal modes.
    • Single-photon level manipulation is essential for practical quantum information processing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel high-dimensional mode-sorter for single photons.
    • To enable dynamic switching between different temporal-mode encodings.
    • To advance the practical implementation of quantum information applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a multi-output quantum pulse gate for mode-sorting.
    • Programmed the device to switch between pulse modes, frequency bins, time bins, and superpositions.
    • Characterized the mode-sorter using detector tomography in 3 and 5 dimensions.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a high-dimensional mode-sorter for single photons.
    • Demonstrated programmability to switch between diverse temporal-mode encodings.
    • Obtained a high fidelity of up to 0.958 ± 0.030 at the single-photon level.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed quantum pulse gate serves as a versatile high-dimensional mode-sorter.
    • This technology facilitates practical quantum key distribution with enhanced information capacity.
    • The device shows significant potential for secure communication and advanced quantum information applications.