Construction of a program for physical simulation of cold atom interferometry

Realistic and accurate simulations are crucial for developing quantum sensors such as cold atom gyroscopes, gravimeters, and gradiometers in the field of cold atom interferometers (CAIs). However, current simulations lack the necessary specifications for CAIs. In this study, we constructed a physical model for CAIs and designed a detailed simulation program, including the model construction, input and output parameter selection, program design, and computational acceleration. The energy levels were rationally simplified and approximated based on the optical Bloch equation to optimize the computational efficiency. The simulation program incorporates graphics processing unit (GPU) parallel computing, achieving a 43% speedup over the central processing unit (CPU) in simulating the laser cooling process with 500 atoms. Based on actual experiments, we simulated the generation of cold atomic interference fringes with three (T=72.5 ms) and four (T=200 ms) Raman pulses. The simulated results closely match the experimental outcomes. By increasing the number of simulated atoms and incorporating actual magnetic and optical field data, the results will be even more closely related to the real experiments. In addition, we achieved the preliminary GPU acceleration of the simulation program and modeled parasitic atom interferometers with practical CAI parameters. This study is useful for enhancing the simulation capabilities of CAIs, providing a powerful tool for researchers.