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Learned Volterra models for nonlinearity equalization in wavelength-division multiplexed systems.

Nelson Castro, Sonia Boscolo, Andrew D Ellis

    Optics Express
    |August 13, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Three new machine learning models for multichannel digital equalization effectively reduce fiber impairments in wavelength-division multiplexed systems. The FE L-IVSTF model offers the best performance and computational efficiency for optical communication networks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • Fiber-induced inter-channel impairments limit wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems.
    • Multichannel digital equalization is crucial for mitigating these impairments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and evaluate three novel multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) learned equalization architectures.
    • To assess their effectiveness in mitigating inter-channel impairments in WDM systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed three MIMO architectures based on the inverse Volterra series transfer function (IVSTF): L-IVSTF (frequency-domain), FE L-IVSTF (field-enhanced), and L-simIVSTF (time-domain).
    • Utilized machine learning optimization for equalization.
    • Characterized and compared models based on performance and computational cost.

    Main Results:

    • All three architectures demonstrated efficient multichannel equalization.
    • The 9x9 L-simIVSTF and FE L-IVSTF achieved an average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of ~2.2 dB over chromatic dispersion compensation.
    • The FE L-IVSTF model showed the optimal balance between performance and computational load.

    Conclusions:

    • Machine learning optimization significantly enhances multichannel equalization capabilities.
    • The FE L-IVSTF architecture presents a superior trade-off for practical implementation in optical systems.
    • These advanced equalization techniques are vital for advancing high-capacity optical communication.