Independent modulation in full polarization multichannel wavefronts by spin-decoupled metasurface

With the growing scarcity of spectrum resources and the exponential rise in information transmission demand, improving channel capacity and spectrum utilization remains a significant challenge that has attracted considerable attention. The independent and free control of multi-polarization channels of wavefront has brought a promising solution to address this problem. This paper proposes what we believe is a novel approach that combines the propagation phase and PB phase to break the limitations of spin-locking and realize independent control of linearly and circularly polarized vortex beams for each distinct polarization channel. The partition design of spin-decoupled single-layer metasurface, which is proposed based on polarization conversion units by tailoring cross-polarized components, enables complete control of full polarization multichannel wavefronts. This approach has the potential to considerably reduce the design complexity while ensuring simultaneous and independent modulation of the topological charges, beam deflection angles (the angles deviating from θ=0°, φ=0°), and linearly and circularly polarizations of multichannel wavefronts, which is beneficial for increasing the information capability and improving communication efficiency. The theoretical design was verified through experimentation. This method can be applied to multichannel wavefronts control, polarization multiplexing and super-resolution imaging in microwave and optical systems.