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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Fiber Optic Sensing
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Fading in optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) typically degrades measurement accuracy.
    • Coherent Rayleigh backscattering is a known contributor to this fading phenomenon.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the fading behavior of coherent Rayleigh backscattering.
    • To demonstrate the utilization of this fading phenomenon for distributed sensing applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Characterization of coherent Rayleigh backscattering fading.
    • Application of dual-pulse phase optical time-domain reflectometry.
    • Leveraging the frequency-selective response of fading.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the use of fading for distributed sensing.
    • Achieved trace-to-trace strain measurements in single-mode fiber.
    • Obtained a strain resolution below 3.3 nϵ.

    Conclusions:

    • Coherent Rayleigh backscattering fading, often considered detrimental, can be advantageously employed for sensing.
    • The proposed method offers a novel approach for high-resolution distributed strain measurement in optical fibers.