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Broadband OAM vortex beams generating through transmitarray for millimeter wave applications.

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    This study introduces a wideband transmitting metasurface for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex beams, crucial for advanced millimeter-wave communication systems like 5G/6G networks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Metamaterials and Nanophotonics
    • Electromagnetics and Wave Propagation
    • Wireless Communication Technologies

    Background:

    • Millimeter-wave communication is essential for advanced wireless systems, including 5G/6G networks.
    • Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) vortex beams offer enhanced data capacity and spectral efficiency.
    • Efficient generation of OAM beams requires specialized antenna elements like metasurfaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a wideband transmitting metasurface for generating OAM vortex beams.
    • To demonstrate the metasurface's performance for OAM modes l=+1 and l=+2 in millimeter-wave frequencies.
    • To assess the device's suitability for future high-capacity wireless communication applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a unit cell comprising four dielectric and four conductor layers with specific dimensions (0.2 mm separation, 2.6 mm thickness).
    • Simulation and experimental fabrication of the proposed metasurface.
    • Testing of the metasurface for OAM modes l=+1 and l=+2 across a frequency range of 25.0 to 35.0 GHz.

    Main Results:

    • The metasurface demonstrated broad-frequency performance for OAM vortex beams.
    • Achieved mode purity exceeding 85% for l=+1 and 75% for l=+2 across a 33.3% OAM bandwidth.
    • Maximum gains of 22.8 dBi (l=+1) and 21.1 dBi (l=+2) with aperture efficiencies of 15.1% and 10.2% were recorded.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed wideband transmitting metasurface effectively generates OAM vortex beams for millimeter-wave applications.
    • The design exhibits robust performance across a significant frequency range, suitable for advanced wireless systems.
    • Experimental validation confirms the metasurface's potential for enhancing future communication networks.