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On-chip three-mode (de-)multiplexer based on a grooved waveguide MMI coupler on an InP platform
Optics Express
|August 13, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed a compact three-mode (de-)multiplexer using a grooved waveguide multimode interferometer (GW-MMI) on indium phosphide. This innovation enables efficient light manipulation in a smaller footprint for optical communication systems.
Area of Science:
- Photonics
- Integrated Optics
- Waveguide Technology
Background:
- Multimode interferometer (MMI) devices are crucial for optical signal routing.
- Achieving compact and efficient mode (de-)multiplexing remains a challenge in integrated photonics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate a novel compact on-chip three-mode (de-)multiplexer.
- To utilize a grooved waveguide multimode interferometer (GW-MMI) for enhanced performance.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a GW-MMI coupler on an indium phosphide (InP) platform.
- Incorporation of two grooves into the MMI structure to confine self-images.
- Utilizing conventional contact lithography for waveguide fabrication.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a significantly compact MMI length of 198 μm.
- Achieved insertion losses of 2.9 dB (TE0), 7.53 dB (TE1), and 4.05 dB (TE2).
- Observed 3 dB bandwidths exceeding 13.5 nm for all modes at 1550 nm.
Conclusions:
- The GW-MMI coupler enables the first demonstration of a compact three-mode (de-)multiplexer on InP.
- The grooved structure enhances phase-matching and reduces device length.
- The fabrication process is straightforward and cost-effective, suitable for integrated photonic applications.
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