Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
Depressants01:28

Depressants

Depressant drugs, including alcohol and sedative-hypnotics, diminish central nervous system activity by enhancing the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity and promotes relaxation. These substances can have various therapeutic uses but also pose significant risks, especially when misused or combined.
Alcohol is a common depressant that can induce a sense of relaxation and reduced inhibition at low doses. Contrary to its occasional...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Automated quantification of skin Gb3 load and white matter lesion assessment in Fabry disease.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases·2026
Same author

Specific HLA-DRB1 Alleles Associate With Anti-Caspr1 and Anti-CNTN1 Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Nodopathies.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Consensus Definitions of Disease Activity and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Differential brain response to a highly palatable drink in chronic low back pain patients.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same author

Multimodal phenotypic classification of generalized anxiety and panic using structural MRI data and psychosocial factors: machine learning results from the German National Cohort (NAKO) study.

Translational psychiatry·2026
Same author

Transdiagnostic associations between subjective gesture behaviour and objective performance in schizophrenia and depression.

Translational psychiatry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Monitoring Acupuncture Effects on Human Brain by fMRI
09:55

Monitoring Acupuncture Effects on Human Brain by fMRI

Published on: April 8, 2010

15.6K

Resting-State Brain Activity in Acute and Chronic Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Jiechu Chen1, Mohammad Jammoul2, Ann-Kristin Reinhold3

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Chronic complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) shows altered brain activity in the nucleus accumbens, similar to other chronic pain conditions. This neuroplasticity shift helps distinguish acute from chronic CRPS, impacting pain processing networks.

Keywords:
accumbenschronic painfMRIfunctional connectivity

More Related Videos

Autoradiographic Measurements of [14C]-Iodoantipyrine in Rat Brain Following Central Post-Stroke Pain
07:27

Autoradiographic Measurements of [14C]-Iodoantipyrine in Rat Brain Following Central Post-Stroke Pain

Published on: July 18, 2016

8.9K
Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats
07:12

Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats

Published on: January 21, 2020

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Monitoring Acupuncture Effects on Human Brain by fMRI
09:55

Monitoring Acupuncture Effects on Human Brain by fMRI

Published on: April 8, 2010

15.6K
Autoradiographic Measurements of [14C]-Iodoantipyrine in Rat Brain Following Central Post-Stroke Pain
07:27

Autoradiographic Measurements of [14C]-Iodoantipyrine in Rat Brain Following Central Post-Stroke Pain

Published on: July 18, 2016

8.9K
Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats
07:12

Chronic Post-Ischemia Pain Model for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type-I in Rats

Published on: January 21, 2020

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition with unclear mechanisms of pain persistence.
  • Cortico-striatal circuitry is implicated in chronic pain, but its role in CRPS chronification is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if cortico-striatal brain circuitry changes in chronic pain are present in CRPS.
  • To compare brain activity and connectivity between acute and chronic CRPS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative sensory testing and resting-state functional MRI were used.
  • 22 acute CRPS (<12 months) and 20 chronic CRPS (>12 months) patients were analyzed.
  • Resting-state brain activity power and functional connectivity were compared.

Main Results:

  • Chronic CRPS patients showed decreased pressure pain sensitivity compared to acute CRPS patients.
  • Reduced resting-state activity in the nucleus accumbens (slow-5 band) was found in chronic CRPS patients, distinguishing them from acute CRPS patients (AUC=0.79).
  • No differences in cortico-striatal connectivity were observed, but acute CRPS patients had stronger connectivity in default mode and salience networks.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic CRPS patients exhibit accumbens neuroplasticity, a shared signature with other chronic pain conditions.
  • A significant shift in functional connectivity occurs between acute and chronic CRPS, affecting nociceptive and self-referential processing networks.