[Linear dichroism of chicken cytosol aspartate aminotransferase oriented in polyacrylamide gel]

Cytosolic chicken heart aspartate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.1) was incorporated in polyacrylamide gel and partially oriented by compressing the gel block in two mutually perpendicular directions. The linear dichroism (LD) was recorded in a dichrograph equipped with a quarter-wavelength device which transforms circularly polarized light into linearly polarized. Spectra were resolved with lognormal distribution curves. A marked difference has been found between reduced linear dichroism values (LD/A) in the absorption bands of the protonated (430 nm) and nonprotonated (360 nm) forms of the internal pyridoxal phosphate--lysine aldimine. This finding indicates that protonation of the internal aldimine bond induces a change in direction of the transition dipole moment within the coenzyme ring or reorientation of the ring. Formation of the external aldimine with 2-methylaspartate is accompanied by a decrease of the reduced LD value in the 430 nm band. On the other hand, binding of the dicarboxylate anions, which imitates formation of the noncovalent adsorption Michaelis complex, results in a marked increase of the reduced LD value in the 430 nm band. These data suggest that the coenzyme ring tilts in opposite directions upon noncovalent substrate binding and upon subsequent formation of the external aldimine.