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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

Spinal Nerves: Plexus I

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
The Cervical Plexus
The cervical plexus, formed by the anterior rami of the first four...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

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The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
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Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:17

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

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The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach
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Vascularized Composite Hand Allograft Procurement and Preparation for Distal and Proximal Forearm Allotransplantation: A Stepwise Approach

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Upper Extremity Splint Application.

Jonathan D Grabau1, Hannah T Hoopes1, Christine Ho1

  • 1Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA.

Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This guide offers essential instructions for applying upper extremity splints in pediatric orthopaedic trauma. It details proper techniques and common errors to ensure effective immobilization and prevent complications for young patients.

Keywords:
CoaptationLong armShort armSugar-tongVolar resting splint for hand fractures

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Pediatric Trauma Care
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Pediatric upper extremity injuries require specialized immobilization techniques.
  • Many healthcare providers lack adequate training in pediatric splinting.
  • Splints serve as temporary immobilization for pediatric upper extremity trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an instructional reference for upper extremity splint application in pediatric orthopaedic trauma.
  • To highlight common pitfalls and optimize outcomes in splint immobilization.
  • To serve as a primer for medical trainees treating pediatric trauma patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of steps for successful splint application.
  • Discussion of common pitfalls to avoid during and after immobilization.
  • Inclusion of figures and videos demonstrating splint application for various injuries.

Main Results:

  • Splints are indicated for pediatric upper extremity injuries with significant soft tissue injury or swelling.
  • Proper splinting immobilizes the injured area while preserving motion in adjacent joints.
  • Effective splinting relies on correct use of padding and plaster to prevent complications.

Conclusions:

  • This chapter serves as a crucial resource for medical professionals managing pediatric upper extremity trauma.
  • Proper splinting techniques are vital for optimizing outcomes and preventing complications.
  • The provided media enhances understanding and practical application of splinting procedures.