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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording
06:36

Optrode Array for Simultaneous Optogenetic Modulation and Electrical Neural Recording

Published on: September 1, 2022

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Opto-Myomatrix: μLED Integrated Microelectrode Arrays for Optogenetic Activation and Electrical Recording in Muscle

Jiaao Lu1, Muneeb Zia1, Danish A Baig1

  • 1Jiaao Lu, Muneeb Zia, Danish A. Baig, Young Jin Lee, Euichul Chung, Geyu Yan, Philip Anschutz, Shane Oh and Muhannad S. Bakir are with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Opto-Myomatrix is a new flexible device for optogenetics, enabling precise muscle fiber control and high-resolution electromyography (EMG) recording in mice. This tool advances neuromuscular studies by combining optical stimulation and EMG acquisition.

Keywords:
Optogeneticselectromyography (EMG)flexible microelectrode arrays (MEAs)μLED

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Optogenetics offers precise cell control but lacks dedicated tools for muscle research.
  • Existing optogenetic methods are primarily focused on brain and central nervous system applications.
  • There is a need for integrated tools to study neuromuscular functions with high resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop Opto-Myomatrix, a novel optogenetic tool for precise muscle fiber control.
  • To achieve high-resolution electrophysiological recording of muscle activity.
  • To create a flexible, biocompatible device for advanced neuromuscular studies.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a flexible device with an integrated micro-LED (μLED) for 465 nm optogenetic stimulation.
  • Incorporation of 32 PEDOT:PSS-coated electrodes for electromyography (EMG) recording.
  • Integration of a reflector to enhance optical power output and analysis of heat dissipation.

Main Results:

  • Opto-Myomatrix achieved high optical output intensity (129.46 mW/mm²) with enhanced power.
  • PEDOT:PSS electrodes reduced impedance by 85%, enabling high signal-to-noise EMG acquisition.
  • Successful in vivo implantation in mice demonstrated precise jaw muscle stimulation and simultaneous EMG recording.

Conclusions:

  • Opto-Myomatrix successfully integrates precise optical stimulation and high-quality EMG recording.
  • The device is flexible, biocompatible, and suitable for optogenetic applications in muscle tissue.
  • This tool addresses a critical gap in neuromuscular research, enabling advanced studies.