Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Nativist Approach01:21

The Nativist Approach

128
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
128
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

227
The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
227
Vision01:24

Vision

55.3K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
55.3K
Visual System01:26

Visual System

686
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
686
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

313
Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
313

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction: Synergistic muscle coordination of the Paralympic wheelchair tennis champion.

Frontiers in sports and active living·2026
Same author

Effects of parental intervention on children's English utterances and behavioral responses in video-based second language learning.

Journal of experimental child psychology·2026
Same author

The reciprocal relationship between maternal infant-directed singing and infant gaze.

Musicae scientiae : the journal of the European Society for the Cognitive Sciences of Music·2026
Same author

Age-related differences in whole-body muscle synergies during overarm throwing in children.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Helping infants to help: Cultural variation in maternal scaffolding and the development of prosocial behavior.

Developmental psychology·2026
Same author

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on child development: comparing pre- and post-pandemic developmental process levels.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same journal

Individualized mapping of functional brain networks in older adulthood.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Is the whole more than the sum of its parts? Considering global and local features of the connectome improves prediction of individuals and phenotypes.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

The language network responds robustly to sentences across tasks.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Neighborhood disadvantage and brain myelination: Insights from infancy to childhood.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Meditation and neurofeedback: A systematic scoping review, synthesis, and future directions.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Interactive shape and color representation in visual working memory for colored objects in the human occipitotemporal cortex.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

6.7K

Cross-cultural differences in visual object and background processing in the infant brain.

Moritz Köster1,2,3, Anna Bánki4, Daiki Yamasaki2

  • 1Institute of Psychology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Imaging Neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cultural differences in visual processing emerge early. Infants in Western cultures focus on objects, while Eastern infants focus on backgrounds, influenced by early social interactions.

Keywords:
cross-cultural comparisonfrequency tagginginfant cognitionsocial learningvisual system development

More Related Videos

How to Obtain Reliable Visual Event-related Potentials in Newborns
07:39

How to Obtain Reliable Visual Event-related Potentials in Newborns

Published on: October 24, 2019

6.5K
A View of Their Own: Capturing the Egocentric View of Infants and Toddlers with Head-Mounted Cameras
03:56

A View of Their Own: Capturing the Egocentric View of Infants and Toddlers with Head-Mounted Cameras

Published on: October 5, 2018

7.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
07:31

Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms

Published on: February 8, 2019

6.7K
How to Obtain Reliable Visual Event-related Potentials in Newborns
07:39

How to Obtain Reliable Visual Event-related Potentials in Newborns

Published on: October 24, 2019

6.5K
A View of Their Own: Capturing the Egocentric View of Infants and Toddlers with Head-Mounted Cameras
03:56

A View of Their Own: Capturing the Egocentric View of Infants and Toddlers with Head-Mounted Cameras

Published on: October 5, 2018

7.6K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cross-Cultural Psychology
  • Visual Cognition

Background:

  • Human visual cognition exhibits significant cultural variations.
  • Western cultures prioritize focal objects, while Eastern cultures emphasize background elements.
  • The developmental origins of these cultural differences in visual processing remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate early cross-cultural differences in visual processing.
  • To examine neural signatures of object versus background attention in infants.
  • To determine if cultural variations in visual cognition are present within the first year of life.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to record neural activity in 12-month-old infants.
  • Infants from Vienna (Western) and Kyoto (Eastern) participated.
  • Object and background elements were presented at distinct stimulation frequencies to isolate neural signatures.

Main Results:

  • Significant cultural differences in visual processing were observed in infants.
  • Vienna infants demonstrated a stronger neural signal for objects.
  • Kyoto infants exhibited a more pronounced neural signal for background elements.

Conclusions:

  • Cross-cultural differences in visual processing are evident from infancy.
  • Early social experiences, such as maternal pointing, may contribute to these differences.
  • This study reveals that cultural influences on visual cognition emerge much earlier than previously believed.