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Updated: Sep 11, 2025
07:41
Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of the Percutaneous Dual Lumen Cannula Right Ventricular Assist Device
Published on: July 20, 2022
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Ventriculitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Clinical Features, Outcomes and Device Management Practices
Alejandro Díez-Vidal1,2, Fernando Fernández-Hinojal3, Cristina Marcelo-Calvo1,2,4
1Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|August 13, 2025
Summary
Ventriculitis, a severe CNS infection, has high mortality. Standardized protocols for intraventricular devices may reduce this risk, improving patient outcomes in healthcare-associated infections.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Ventriculitis is a critical central nervous system infection with significant morbidity and mortality.
- It often arises secondary to intraventricular devices or neurosurgical procedures.
- Current diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies for ventriculitis lack standardization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical characteristics, microbiology, treatment, and outcomes of ventriculitis.
- To compare outcomes before and after implementing an updated intraventricular device management protocol.
- To identify predictors of mortality in ventriculitis patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study from 2014 to 2022 at a tertiary care center.
- Analysis of 87 cases meeting clinical and microbiological criteria for ventriculitis.
- Comparison of outcomes pre- and post-protocol implementation.
Main Results:
- Healthcare-associated ventriculitis predominated (83.9%), with neurosurgical interventions and external ventricular drains as key risk factors.
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci, particularly *Staphylococcus epidermidis*, were the most common pathogens.
- Attributable mortality was 33.3%, with predictors including high CSF protein and low Glasgow Coma Scale scores. The new protocol showed a significant reduction in mortality (RR 0.45, P = .003).
- Neurological sequelae affected 67.3% of discharged patients.
Conclusions:
- Ventriculitis presents significant diagnostic and management challenges.
- Standardized intraventricular device care protocols show promise in improving patient outcomes.
- Further research is needed to fully evaluate the impact of standardized protocols.
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