Investigation of concrete durability enhancement using supplementary cementitious materials

This study investigates the influence of fly ash, metakaolin, and P. juliflora extract on the durability and performance of concrete. The research focuses on key durability tests, including Saturated Water Absorption, RCPT, Sulphuric Acid Resistance, Permeability, Sorptivity, and UPV tests. The experimental results indicate that incorporating fly ash and metakaolin significantly reduces water absorption, permeability, and chloride ion penetration, leading to improved resistance against corrosion and environmental deterioration. The results from the Sulphuric Acid Resistance Test showed that mixes containing metakaolin and fly ash exhibited lower weight and strength loss, demonstrating enhanced acid resistance. The Permeability and Sorptivity Tests further confirmed that blended cementitious materials contribute to a denser microstructure, reducing water ingress. Further, the UPV test suggested that long-term structural integrity improves with supplementary cementitious materials. The optimal combination of 10-15 % fly ash and 10-15 % metakaolin exhibited superior performance. This study concludes that utilizing industrial by-products and natural plant extracts enhances durability, sustainability, and eco-friendliness, making it a viable alternatives for virgin materials. • Evaluates fly ash, metakaolin, and P. juliflora extract for improving concrete durability. • Shows reduced chloride penetration, acid damage, and water absorption. • Confirms denser microstructure and better integrity via UPV and permeability tests.