Equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines in Botswana: a scoping review
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Botswana achieved high COVID-19 vaccine uptake, with 80.6% receiving at least one dose. Challenges in existing immunization programs impacted vaccine delivery and access, particularly in remote areas.
Area Of Science
- Public Health
- Vaccinology
- Health Systems Research
Background
- Botswana acquired 2.6 million COVID-19 vaccine doses (76% purchased, 24% donated) between March 2021-March 2022.
- Global market complexities influenced vaccine procurement and distribution.
Purpose Of The Study
- To aggregate evidence on Botswana's COVID-19 vaccine access patterns.
- To analyze COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in Botswana.
- To provide insights into vaccine strategies in a middle-income country.
Main Methods
- A scoping review of Botswana-based English-language peer-reviewed and grey literature was conducted.
- Databases searched included Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
- A narrative synthesis approach was used due to study heterogeneity.
Main Results
- As of December 31, 2021, 80.6% of the target population received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose, and 71.9% were fully vaccinated.
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 73.4% among adults, positively associated with male gender, comorbidities, non-restrictive religious beliefs, and older age groups (55-64).
- Vaccine delivery faced challenges related to transport, human resources, and stock-outs, inherent to existing Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) structures.
Conclusions
- Under-performance of district-level immunization programs and inadequate outreach services exacerbated vaccine access disparities.
- Strengthening healthcare infrastructure and expanding outreach are crucial for reaching underserved populations.
- Collaboration between government entities and the private sector enhanced vaccine access.
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