Nutritional Interventions for Enhancing Female Fertility: A Comprehensive Review of Micronutrients and Their Impact

Infertility significantly impacts individuals and society, necessitating effective strategies for its management. Among the various factors influencing female fertility, micronutrients play a crucial role in reproductive health by supporting oocyte quality, hormonal balance, and implantation processes. This narrative review examines the importance of optimal preconception micronutrient intake in enhancing female fertility. By analyzing research from various scientific databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, spanning from 2000 to April 2024, we highlight the impact of key micronutrients such as folate, vitamin D, iron, selenium, and antioxidants on fertility outcomes. Deficiencies in these nutrients have been associated with impaired ovarian function, disrupted menstrual cycles, and increased risk of pregnancy complications. Given the prevalence of micronutrient inadequacies among women of reproductive age, this review underscores the need for evidence-based nutritional interventions and standardized supplementation guidelines. The findings aim to bridge the gap between research and clinical practice, providing healthcare professionals with insights to optimize fertility care through targeted nutritional strategies.