The Structural Regulation and Properties of Energetic Materials: A Review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Chemical Engineering
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Improving energetic materials (EMs) performance is critical for various applications.
• Structural regulation offers a pathway to enhance both safety and energy output.
• Existing strategies focus on controlling physical and chemical properties at different scales.

Purpose of the Study:

• To summarize current structural regulation strategies for energetic materials.
• To review advancements in single-component and composite energetic materials (CEMs).
• To highlight future research directions in the design and fabrication of EMs.

Main Methods:

• Review of particle size control for quality consistency and scalability.
• Morphology modification for improved sphericity and mechanical properties.
• Polycrystalline regulation using simulation-guided design for novel crystalline forms.
• Core-shell structures, cocrystal engineering, and lattice strain modulation for CEMs.
• Analysis of mixing structures to integrate component advantages and enhance reaction efficiency.

Main Results:

• Particle size control ensures quality and industrial scalability.
• Morphology modification and layered structures improve mechanical properties.
• Polycrystalline regulation and simulation-guided design yield novel crystalline forms.
• CEMs with core-shell structures balance safety and performance.
• Cocrystal engineering and lattice strain modulation tailor energy release and efficiency.

Conclusions:

• Structural regulation is key to advancing energetic materials.
• Advanced fabrication and computational simulations are crucial for next-generation EMs.
• Future research should focus on rational design for specific functionalities.