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Cigarette Smoking During Recovery From Substance Use Disorders
Michael J Parks1,2, Carlos Blanco1, MeLisa R Creamer1
1US National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
JAMA Psychiatry
|August 13, 2025
Summary
Quitting smoking is linked to improved recovery from substance use disorders (SUDs). This study found that adults who transitioned from current to former smoking had higher odds of sustained SUD recovery, suggesting smoking cessation aids overall recovery.
Area of Science:
- Addiction Medicine
- Public Health
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs).
- Smoking cessation interventions are often lacking in SUD treatment settings.
- Understanding the relationship between smoking cessation and SUD recovery is crucial for integrated care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between changes in smoking status and SUD recovery over time.
- To determine if transitioning from current to former smoking predicts sustained SUD recovery.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal cohort study using nationally representative US adult data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.
- Analyses included adults with a history of SUD, assessed annually over 4 years (Wave 1 to Wave 4).
- Fixed-effects logistic regression modeled within-person changes in smoking status and their association with SUD recovery.
Main Results:
- Among 2652 adults, transitioning from current to former smoking was positively associated with SUD recovery.
- Each year-to-year change to former smoking increased the odds of SUD recovery by 30% (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.07-1.57).
- This association remained significant in sensitivity analyses, including a second cohort and lagged predictors.
Conclusions:
- Within-person changes from current to former smoking are associated with recovery from other SUDs.
- Smoking cessation may serve as a valuable tool to support recovery processes in adults with SUDs.
- Integrating smoking cessation into SUD treatment can potentially improve overall health outcomes.
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