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Electrophysiological Insights into Neurovisual Dysfunctions in Myopia: A Systematic Review
Bruno Ribeiro1,2,3, Andresa Fernandes1,2,3, Francisco Miguel Brardo1,2,4
1Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
Seminars in Ophthalmology
|August 13, 2025
Summary
This review shows that electrophysiological tests like electroretinography (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) detect neurovisual impairments in myopia. These tests are valuable for assessing retinal and visual pathway function in myopic individuals.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Myopia, or nearsightedness, involves light focusing in front of the retina.
- Electrophysiological tests non-invasively assess retinal and visual pathway cell function.
- A link between myopia and impaired neurovisual function requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and assess electrophysiological tests for detecting neurovisual impairments in myopia.
- To determine if myopia is associated with significant functional deficits in the visual system.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of observational or interventional studies with myopic and control groups.
- Searches conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
- Analysis of amplitude and latency from multifocal electroretinography (mfERG), pattern electroretinography (PERG), flash electroretinography (flash ERG), and visual evoked potentials (VEP).
Main Results:
- Eleven studies involving 340 myopic subjects met the criteria.
- Reduced amplitude was reported in 7 studies using mfERG, PERG, and flash ERG.
- Delayed latency was found in 4 studies using mfERG and PERG; the VEP study showed both reduced amplitude and delayed latency.
Conclusions:
- Electrophysiological tests (ERG and VEP) reveal functional neurovisual impairments associated with myopia.
- These tests serve as valuable complementary tools for evaluating visual function in myopia.
- Findings support the hypothesis that myopia involves neurovisual functional deficits.
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