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piR-23 Regulates Porcine Granulosa Cell Apoptosis by Targeting PTGS2.

Jinbi Zhang1, Long Huang2, Wenjie Li2

  • 1College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China.

Molecular Reproduction and Development
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Piwi-interacting RNA-23 (piR-23) prevents granulosa cell apoptosis in pigs by targeting PTGS2. This discovery reveals a new mechanism regulating ovarian follicular atresia and female fertility.

Keywords:
PTGS2follicle atresiagranulosa cellspiRNApiR‐23

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are crucial for gene silencing and transposon control.
  • Follicular atresia, granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis, impacts female reproductive efficiency.
  • piR-23 and PTGS2 are differentially expressed in porcine healthy (HF) and atretic (AF) follicles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if piR-23 regulates GC apoptosis by targeting PTGS2.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism of piR-23 in porcine follicular atresia.

Main Methods:

  • Porcine GCs were isolated from HF and AF.
  • piR-23 mimics/inhibitors and PTGS2 siRNA were used for transfection.
  • Apoptosis was assessed using Annexin V-FITC/PI and CCK-8 assays.
  • Dual-luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR, and Western blot were performed.

Main Results:

  • piR-23 was downregulated, while PTGS2 was upregulated in AF GCs.
  • piR-23 overexpression reduced GC apoptosis; inhibition increased it.
  • PTGS2 knockdown suppressed GC apoptosis.
  • piR-23 directly targeted PTGS2, reducing its mRNA and protein levels.

Conclusions:

  • piR-23 functions as an antiapoptotic regulator in porcine GCs via PTGS2.
  • This study identifies a novel piRNA-mediated regulatory pathway in porcine follicular atresia.
  • Findings offer insights into maintaining female reproductive health.