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Related Concept Videos

Classification of Leukocytes01:30

Classification of Leukocytes

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Leukocytes are classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of cytoplasmic granules. Granular leukocytes, which contain granules, belong to the myeloid lineage and are divided into three subtypes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These cells are roughly spherical and characterized by the granules in their cytoplasm.
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...
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Primary Lymphoid Organs01:16

Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, nestled in the upper left side of the abdomen. It is composed of two primary regions: the red pulp and the white pulp, each having distinct functions. The red pulp performs a significant role in blood filtration. It efficiently purges the blood of old or damaged red blood cells and...
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation
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Fifth edition WHO classification: mature B-cell neoplasms.

Kikkeri N Naresh1,2, Kennosuke Karube3, Anita Borges4

  • 1Section of Pathology, Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA knaresh@fredhutch.org.

Journal of Clinical Pathology
|August 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The WHO-HAEM5 classification for mature B-cell neoplasms offers updated definitions, emphasizing genomics. It provides a hierarchical structure and essential criteria for use in resource-limited settings.

Keywords:
ClassificationLYMPHOMANEOPLASMS

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) classification of haematolymphoid tumours is crucial for diagnosing and understanding neoplasms.
  • The fifth edition (WHO-HAEM5) introduces significant updates to mature B-cell neoplasms, incorporating advanced technologies like genomics.
  • Existing classifications may pose challenges in resource-limited settings due to complex criteria and technology requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the changes and updates in the classification of mature B-cell neoplasms according to WHO-HAEM5.
  • To provide guidance on applying the WHO-HAEM5 classification in resource-limited settings.
  • To highlight the hierarchical structure and the distinction between essential and desirable diagnostic criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Review of the fifth edition of the WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours (WHO-HAEM5).
  • Analysis of updated definitions and diagnostic criteria for mature B-cell neoplasms.
  • Focus on the practical application of the classification in settings with limited resources.

Main Results:

  • WHO-HAEM5 expands the entities of mature B-cell neoplasms, with definitions increasingly reliant on genomic data.
  • The classification employs a hierarchical structure, allowing for family-level diagnoses when specific entity criteria cannot be met.
  • Diagnostic criteria are divided into 'essential' and 'desirable' to aid application in resource-limited settings.

Conclusions:

  • The WHO-HAEM5 provides an updated framework for classifying mature B-cell neoplasms, integrating new technologies.
  • Its hierarchical approach and tiered criteria enhance its applicability, particularly in resource-limited environments.
  • This review offers practical insights for pathologists and hematologists navigating the WHO-HAEM5 classification for B-cell lymphomas.