Mechanodynamic brain on chip for studying human stem cell derived neuronal networks

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biomedical Engineering
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Neuronal function relies on both biochemical and mechanical cues.
• In vitro models often overlook the mechanical dynamics crucial for neural development and brain health.
• There is a growing need for advanced models that incorporate mechanical stimuli in neuronal studies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design, fabricate, and test a novel Brain-on-Chip (BoC) platform.
• To investigate the role of mechanical cues in neuronal network activity.
• To provide an experimental setting for studying mechano-dynamic effects on neurons.

Main Methods:

• Utilized FEMTOprint technology for microchannel fabrication in a glass substrate.
• Assembled the device with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane and a PDMS culture chamber.
• Implemented air pressure to induce local membrane deformation for mechanical stimulation.
• Cultured human induced neural stem cell-derived neuronal networks on the platform.

Main Results:

• Successfully designed, fabricated, and tested a novel microfluidic Brain-on-Chip (BoC) device.
• Demonstrated the capability of the BoC to apply controlled mechanical stimuli to neuronal cultures.
• Observed mechano-dynamic elevated Calcium signaling in response to mechanical stimulation in neuronal networks.

Conclusions:

• The developed Brain-on-Chip platform effectively integrates mechanical stimulation into in vitro neuronal modeling.
• Mechanical cues significantly influence neuronal network activity, specifically Calcium signaling.
• This novel BoC offers a promising experimental tool for advancing research in neurodevelopment and brain function.