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Association between temperature rise from climate normal and sleep quality.

Horim A Hwang1, Ayoung Kim2, Jiwoo Park3

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Rising temperatures linked to climate change significantly worsen sleep quality, especially in urban areas. Temperature fluctuations, not just averages, are associated with poorer sleep and related issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Climate change is increasingly linked to adverse health outcomes.
  • Few large-scale studies have examined the multifaceted impact of temperature changes on sleep quality using validated measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between temperature variations and various aspects of sleep quality in a large population.
  • To assess the impact of temperature average and temperature difference on sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 211,159 participants in the Korean Community Health Survey 2018.
  • Analyzed yearly average temperature and temperature difference (deviation from 1961-1990 climate normal) as independent variables.
  • Assessed overall sleep quality and specific sleep components via the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Main Results:

  • A 1°C increase in temperature difference was associated with poorer overall sleep quality in urban participants (aOR 1.16).
  • Temperature difference correlated with shorter sleep duration, sleep fragmentation, bad dreams, and sleep-related discomfort (cold, pain).
  • Increased temperature relative to climate normal was linked to a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality.

Conclusions:

  • Temperature fluctuations, particularly deviations from historical norms, significantly impact sleep quality and related parameters.
  • Urban populations appear more vulnerable to the negative effects of temperature changes on sleep.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the long-term consequences of climate change on sleep health.