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Beyond the Pill: Mapping Process-Oriented Decision Support Models in Pharmaceutical Policy
Foteini Theiakou1, Catherine Kastanioti1, Dimitris Zavras2
1Department of Business Administration and Organizations, University of Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 14, 2025
Summary
Decision support models (DSMs) can improve pharmaceutical policy by enhancing transparency and consistency. Their adoption is limited, especially in low- and middle-income countries, requiring further standardization and exploration.
Area of Science:
- Health Policy
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Decision Analysis
Background:
- Decision-making quality is vital for public trust and policy sustainability in healthcare.
- Pharmaceutical policy decisions (pricing, reimbursement, access) require robust procedural quality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and describe process-focused decision support models (DSMs) in pharmaceutical policy.
- To assess the potential of DSMs in improving procedural quality of medicine access decisions.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of peer-reviewed and gray literature (2000-2025).
- Searches in PubMed, Scopus, and reports from WHO, ISPOR, and HTA agencies.
- Inclusion of studies detailing DSMs that address decision process quality.
Main Results:
- Key DSMs identified include Quality of Decision-Making Orientation Scheme (QoDoS), WHO-INTEGRATE, and AGREE II.
- QoDoS is versatile, applied across regulatory, HTA, and industry settings.
- Most DSMs enhance transparency, consistency, and stakeholder engagement, but adoption is limited, particularly in LMICs.
Conclusions:
- Process-focused DSMs offer significant potential for improving pharmaceutical policy transparency, consistency, and legitimacy.
- Standardizing evaluation methods and promoting wider adoption in diverse health systems are crucial next steps.
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