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Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Author Spotlight: Implications of Non-Nutritive Sucking on Speech Emergence and Infant Development

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Pacifier Usage Among Saudi Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Sara M Bagher¹, Logain Alattas², Haneen Bakhaidar¹

¹Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 14, 2025

Summary

Pacifier use is common in Jeddah infants, influenced by birth order and feeding methods. Parental knowledge about risks of sweetened pacifiers is high, potentially reducing their use and promoting healthier habits.

Keywords:

Saudi Arabia breast feeding childbirth order maternal knowledge nursery pacifier

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Published on: February 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Pediatrics
Public Health
Oral Health

Background:

Pacifier use in infants presents both benefits and risks.
Sweetening pacifiers is a practice some parents use for soothing infants.
Understanding pacifier usage patterns and associated factors is crucial for child health.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess pacifier usage among mothers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
To examine associations between pacifier use and child demographics, maternal socioeconomic status (SES), and maternal knowledge.
To investigate the impact of maternal awareness on the practice of sweetening pacifiers.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional study involving 1438 mothers of children aged 2-4 years in Jeddah.
Validated Arabic questionnaires were used to collect data on pacifier use, feeding practices, SES, and knowledge.
Data analysis focused on identifying predictors of pacifier use and sweetening practices.

Main Results:

30.7% of children used pacifiers, with higher rates among first-borns and those with mixed feeding (bottle and breastfeeding).
Only 6.1% of mothers reported adding sweeteners to pacifiers.
Most mothers (75.6%) knew sweetened pacifiers cause dental caries, and this knowledge correlated with avoidance.

Conclusions:

Birth order, feeding practices, and nursery attendance are significant predictors of pacifier use.
High maternal awareness of risks associated with sweetened pacifiers is evident.
Parental education is vital for promoting healthier oral and feeding habits in children.