Therapeutic Potential of Isoxazole-(Iso)oxazole Hybrids: Three Decades of Research
Urszula Bąchor1, Marcin Mączyński1, Aleksandra Sochacka-Ćwikła1
1Department of Organic Chemistry and Drug Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Abstract:
Heterocyclic compounds are a common subject in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their numerous pharmaceutical applications. Among these, nitrogen- and oxygen-containing five-membered heterocyclic rings, namely oxazole and isoxazole, are particularly significant, exhibiting a broad spectrum of biological activities. Molecular hybridization, the process that enables the fusion of bioactive scaffolds, is a powerful strategy for the development of novel compounds characterized by enhanced or multitarget activities. This review focuses on hybrids incorporating linked oxazole and/or isoxazole moieties (i.e., isoxazole-oxazole and isoxazole-isoxazole hybrids), drawing upon peer-reviewed research articles and international patents from 1995 to the end of 2024. The overview systematically presents the diverse biological activities reported for the isoxazole-(iso)oxazole hybrids, including anticancer, antibacterial, antitubercular, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects, alongside their corresponding chemical structures. Our analysis of the literature highlights the structural versatility and therapeutic potential of this important class of heterocyclic hybrids.
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