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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
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Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

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Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
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Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

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Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
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Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
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Time-Restricted Eating Improves Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic

Taegwang Nam1, Hyeongbin Oh1, Anna Kim2

  • 1College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Jeonju 54986, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 14, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Time-restricted eating (TRE) improves blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes. This dietary approach, aligning meals with circadian rhythms, significantly lowers fasting glucose and HbA1c, enhancing glycemic stability.

Keywords:
HbA1cdiabetes mellitusfasting glucoseglycemic controlmeta-analysistime in rangetime-restricted eating

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Health
  • Chrononutrition
  • Diabetes Management

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes management often requires lifestyle interventions.
  • Time-restricted eating (TRE) aligns eating patterns with circadian rhythms.
  • TRE shows potential as a non-pharmacological approach for glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the effects of TRE on glycemic outcomes.
  • To evaluate TRE's impact on fasting glucose, HbA1c, and time in range (TIR).
  • To assess TRE's efficacy in individuals with type 2 diabetes or impaired fasting glucose.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Inclusion of eight RCTs with 312 participants.
  • Analysis of glycemic outcomes including fasting glucose, HbA1c, and TIR.

Main Results:

  • TRE significantly reduced fasting glucose (MD: -0.74 mmol/L) and HbA1c (MD: -0.11%).
  • TRE significantly increased blood glucose time in range (TIR) (MD: +10.51%).
  • Improvements were modest but consistent, with no heterogeneity in TIR increase.

Conclusions:

  • TRE is a clinically feasible and effective dietary intervention for diabetes management.
  • TRE demonstrates a robust and reproducible benefit on glycemic stability.
  • Further high-quality trials are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and guide clinical practice.