Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 11, 2025

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
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WASH, Women, and Violence: Investigating the Associations Between Households' Access to WASH Facilities and Intimate

Rakesh Chandra1, Ajay Dutta2, Sonal Srivastava3

  • 1School of Health Systems Studies, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India.

Violence Against Women
|August 14, 2025
PubMed

Poor access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities heightens women's vulnerability to partnered and non-partnered violence and disproportionately impacts their health and well-being. However, no national-level study in India explores the links between WASH access and violence against women. This research examines household WASH access and its connection with intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in India. Utilizing 46,667 married women samples from National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-5 pan-India survey, the study analyses association of IPV with WASH indicators alongside other socio-economic variables. All WASH indicators in the study significantly associate with IPV, emphasizing an urgent need for gender-sensitive WASH research and policymaking.

Keywords:
IndiaNFHS-5WASHintimate partner violenceviolence against women

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