Ferroptosis and epilepsy: bidirectional pathogenic links and therapeutic implications

Ferroptosis is a distinctive form of regulated cell death that is closely associated with various neurodegenerative disorders. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the crucial role of ferroptosis in the development and progression of epilepsy. Firstly, this article will review the existing research on the specific biological mechanism of ferroptosis in nerve injury, particularly in epilepsy, encompassing iron metabolism disorders and alterations in the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins. Secondly, with regards to treatment, this article will explore the application of ferroptosis inhibitors in antiepileptic therapy and their potential therapeutic effects. Additionally, it will focus on investigating the interaction between ferroptosis and existing antiepileptic drugs as well as the potential impact of strategies regulating ferroptosis on epilepsy treatment. Finally, we will evaluate both the progress made and limitations encountered in current research while proposing possible future directions for further exploration at the intersection of ferroptosis and epilepsy fields. These studies not only contribute to a better understanding of epileptic pathological mechanisms but also hold promise for providing novel insights and strategies for treating epilepsy.