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Evaluating ChatGPT's Accuracy and Readability in Responding to Common Ophthalmology Questions
Parsa Riazi Esfahani1, Jason Ward1, Aidan Yong1
1Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA.
Cureus
|August 14, 2025
Summary
ChatGPT provides generally appropriate ophthalmology answers, excelling in comprehensiveness and clarity. However, its accuracy for specific conditions like glaucoma and cataracts needs improvement for patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Artificial Intelligence
- Medical Informatics
Background:
- Eye conditions affect billions globally, with many patients seeking online information.
- Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are increasingly used for health inquiries.
- Evaluating the suitability of AI-generated medical content is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the accuracy, comprehensiveness, and readability of ChatGPT responses to ophthalmology questions.
- To understand the appropriateness of AI-generated medical information for patient use.
- To identify potential limitations of LLMs in ophthalmology.
Main Methods:
- Generated 22 common ophthalmology questions based on Google Trends.
- Input questions into ChatGPT and analyzed responses for readability (FRE, FKGL).
- Two board-certified ophthalmologists evaluated accuracy, comprehensiveness, and clarity, using QUEST, DISCERN, and urgency scales.
Main Results:
- ChatGPT responses were rated appropriate by ophthalmologists 68.18% of the time.
- Comprehensiveness scored significantly higher than accuracy and clarity.
- Readability scores indicated a 10th-grade reading level; glaucoma and cataract responses had lower appropriateness.
Conclusions:
- ChatGPT offers generally suitable responses for common eye condition queries.
- High comprehensiveness and clarity support its role in patient education.
- Performance variations necessitate caution with AI-generated advice for specific conditions like glaucoma and cataracts.
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