Clinical Outcomes and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery Techniques Over the Past...

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has revolutionized glaucoma management over the past decade by offering safer, more efficient alternatives to traditional surgeries such as trabeculectomy. This review synthesizes clinical and patient-reported outcomes from 40 studies published between 2014 and 2025. MIGS techniques, including trabecular meshwork bypass stents (e.g., iStent, Hydrus), suprachoroidal shunts (e.g., CyPass), and subconjunctival devices (e.g., Xen), achieve intraocular pressure (IOP) reductions of 15-50%, reduce medication dependence by 0.4-1.8 drugs, and exhibit low complication rates (e.g., hyphema: ≤20%; hypotony: ≤15.4%). Combined MIGS-cataract procedures outperform standalone MIGS, with superior IOP control (additional 2-2.8 mmHg reduction) and lower reoperation rates (3% vs. 24% at two years). Patient-reported outcomes, though understudied, indicate enhanced quality of life, visual function, and ocular surface health. Challenges include variability in device efficacy and limited long-term data. Future research should prioritize standardized patient-reported metrics and diverse populations.