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Cytokines Associated With Moderate and Severe Adverse Events During a Sporozoite Malaria Vaccine Trial With
Lauren P Jatt1,2, Kevin M Gillespie1, Phuong Van1
1Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
Abstract:
Ensuring the safety and efficacy of candidate vaccines is critical. Although mechanisms underpinning protective immune responses to malaria vaccines are frequently investigated, immune responses correlating with moderate and severe adverse events (AEs) are rarely examined. Here, we leverage a malaria vaccine trial with a higher-than-expected AE rate and frequent sampling to investigate cytokine profiles associated with AEs. We found that Interleukin-6 was elevated on days in which individuals experienced moderate and severe AEs. More research on immune responses associated with AEs is warranted in order to identify biomarkers associated with systemic reactogenicity and accelerate vaccine development.
Insights
Investigating immune responses to malaria vaccines revealed elevated Interleukin-6 (IL-6) during moderate and severe adverse events. This finding highlights the need for research into biomarkers for vaccine safety and development.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology
- Immunology
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Vaccine safety and efficacy are paramount for public health.
- Understanding immune responses to vaccines is crucial, but correlates of adverse events are understudied.
- Malaria vaccine development requires robust safety assessments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cytokine profiles associated with adverse events in a malaria vaccine trial.
- To identify potential biomarkers for vaccine-induced reactogenicity.
Main Methods:
- Leveraged data from a malaria vaccine trial with a high adverse event rate.
- Conducted frequent sampling to analyze cytokine profiles.
- Correlated cytokine levels with the occurrence of moderate and severe adverse events.
Main Results:
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly elevated on days with moderate and severe adverse events.
- Demonstrated a correlation between specific immune responses and vaccine reactogenicity.
Conclusions:
- Elevated IL-6 is associated with adverse events following malaria vaccination.
- Further research into immune responses linked to adverse events is necessary.
- Identifying biomarkers for systemic reactogenicity can accelerate vaccine development.
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